Journal: Food Technology and Biotechnology

Article Title: Autochthonous Human Milk Lactobacillus Strains as Potential Probiotic Starter Cultures

doi: 10.17113/ftb.64.01.26.9074

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains against: a) test microorganisms, and b) related LAB strains tested by the turbidimetric method. Different letters above bars indicate statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the LAB strains and the same test microorganism, i.e. a related LAB strain

Article Snippet: The antimicrobial activity of the selected LAB isolates from human milk was tested against test microorganisms ( Staphylococcus aureus ATCC ® 25925 TM , Listeria monocytogenes ATCC ® 19111 TM , Escherichia coli ATCC ® 25922 TM and Salmonella Typhimurium FP1) and related LAB strains ( Lactobacillus helveticus M92, L. lactis ssp. lactis LMG 9450 and Enterococcus faecium ATCC ® 9430 TM ) cultured in the appropriate medium until their A 620 nm reached 0.5 and 1.0, respectively.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Bacteria

Journal: BMC Oral Health

Article Title: Potential of microbial-derived biosurfactants for oral applications–a systematic review

doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04479-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of the methods employed and outcomes of studies included in this systematic review

Article Snippet: Farias J.M. et al. [ ] (2019) , Biosurfactant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PB), Bacillus cereus (BB), Candida bombicola (CB) , C. albicans ATCC 1106 S. aureus ATCC 15,656 E. coli ATCC 25,922 L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 S. salivarius ATCC 25,975 S. mutans ATCC 25,175 , Chitosan (extracted from the cell wall of Mucor javanicus (UCP 69)), Peppermint essential oil (POE) , 1. Characterization of biosurfactants 2. Formulation of mouthwash 3. Determination of antimicrobial activity 4. Analysis of fraction inhibitory concentration 5. Evaluation of toxicity of formulated mouthwashes , 1. The biosurfactants obtained from C. bombicola , B. cereus , and P. aeruginosa (respectively designated as CB, BB, and PB) were capable of reducing the surface tension of water from 70 mN/m to 30, 29, and 26.5 mN/m, respectively. 2. The formulation consists of biosurfactant, peppermint essential oil, and chitosan solution (diluted in 1% acetic acid), the solid components (sodium benzoate and sodium saccharine) in a fine powder, followed by distilled water to complete 100 mL. The pH of the formulation was adjusted to 7.0 with NaOH 1 N. 3. The biosurfactant PB was the most effective against S. aureus , E. coli , and S. salivarius (MIC: 20 μg/mL), while PB and CB had similar effects on S. mutans (MIC: 20 μg/mL). All biosurfactants exhibited uniform effects on C. albicans and L. acidophilus (MIC: 40 μg/mL). Combining biosurfactants with chitosan reduced MIC for all microorganisms. When combined with peppermint essential oils, the MIC for C. albicans either increased (CB + POE and BB + POE: 30 μg/mL) or remained the same (PB + POE: 20 μg/mL). The low MIC combination for L. acidophilus (20 μg/mL) was peppermint essential oil with PB. For S. mutans , only CB + POE maintained the biosurfactant’s MIC, with reductions observed in all other combinations. 4. The combinations of the CB and PB with chitosan demonstrated an additive effect on the majority of microorganisms tested and an indifferent effect on E. coli and C. albicans . The combinations of CB and BB with the peppermint essential oil exhibited an additive effect only on the gram-negative bacterium E. coli and an indifferent effect on the other microorganisms tested. 5. The results demonstrate that the test mouthwashes were classified as non-toxic to the fibroblast line, with cell inhibition rates lower than 20%. However, the mouthwash containing the biosurfactant extracted from C. bombicola + peppermint essential oil + chitosan exhibited moderate toxicity to the macrophage line (66% inhibition)..

Techniques: Extraction, Purification, Concentration Assay, Activity Assay, Inhibition, Produced, Bacteria, Formulation, Calcium Carbonate, Foaming, Diffusion-based Assay, Disruption, In Vitro, Antibiofilm Assay, Gene Expression, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Fluorescence, Expressing, Mass Spectrometry, Cell Culture, Cytotoxicity Assay

Journal: Biosensors & bioelectronics

Article Title: Microarray method to monitor 40 intestinal bacterial species in the study of azo dye reduction

doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.04.011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bacteria and the probe numbers in the microarray

Article Snippet: Anaerobic bacteria were cultured at 35 °C in either prereduced anaerobically sterilized (PRAS) Brain Heart Infusion (BIH) broth supplemented with vitamin K and hemin (Remel, Lenexa, KS, USA), inoculated under an oxygen-free cannula using 85% nitrogen, 10% hydrogen and 5% carbon dioxide, or on PRAS brucella blood agar plates supplemented with vitamin K and hemin (Remel). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 Number Bacterial species and strain Probe number 1 B. thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29148 1, 2, 3 2 B. vulgatus ATCC 8482 4, 5, 6 3 B. fragilis ATCC 23745 7, 8, 9 4 B. distasonis ATCC 8503 10, 11, 12 5 C. clostridioforme ATCC 29084 13, 14, 15 6 C. leptum ATCC 29065 16, 17, 18 7 F. prausnitzii ATCC 27768 19, 20, 21 8 P. productus ATCC 27340 22, 23, 24 9 R. obeum ATCC 29174 25, 26, 27 10 R. bromii ATCC 27255 28, 29, 30 11 R. callidus ATCC 27760 31, 32, 33 12 R. albus ATCC 27210 34, 35, 36 13 B. longum ATCC 15707 37, 38, 39 14 B. adolescentis ATCC 15703 40, 41, 42 15 B. infantis ATCC 15697 43, 44, 45 16 E. biforme ATCC 27806 46, 47, 48 17 E. aerofaciens ATCC 25986 49, 50, 51 18 L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 52, 53, 54 19 E. coli ATCC 25922 55, 56, 57 20 E. faecium ATCC 19434 58, 59, 60 21 B. uniformis ATCC 8492 61, 62, 63 22 B. ovatus ATCC 8483 64, 65, 66 23 B. caccae ATCC 43185 67, 68, 69 24 C. perfringens ATCC 13124 70, 71, 72 25 C. butyricum ATCC 19398 73, 74, 75 26 C. ramosum ATCC 25582 76, 77, 78 27 C. difficile ATCC 9689 79, 80, 81 28 C. indolis ATCC 25771 82, 83, 84 29 F. russii ATCC 25533 85, 86, 87 30 F. nucleatum ATCC 25586 88, 89, 90 31 B. catenulatum ATCC 27539 91, 92, 93 32 B. angulatum ATCC 27535 94, 95, 96 33 E. rectale ATCC 33656 97, 98, 99 34 E. eligens ATCC 27750 100, 101, 102 35 E. limosum ATCC 8486 103, 104, 105 36 E. lentum ATCC 25553 106, 107, 108 37 L. fermentum ATCC 9338 109, 110, 111 38 E. faecalis ATCC 27274 112, 113, 114 39 P. magnus ATCC 14955 115, 116, 117 40 R. gnavus ATCC 291492 118, 119, 120 Open in a separate window Bacteria and the probe numbers in the microarray

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal: Biosensors & bioelectronics

Article Title: Microarray method to monitor 40 intestinal bacterial species in the study of azo dye reduction

doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.04.011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microarray test results read from

Article Snippet: Anaerobic bacteria were cultured at 35 °C in either prereduced anaerobically sterilized (PRAS) Brain Heart Infusion (BIH) broth supplemented with vitamin K and hemin (Remel, Lenexa, KS, USA), inoculated under an oxygen-free cannula using 85% nitrogen, 10% hydrogen and 5% carbon dioxide, or on PRAS brucella blood agar plates supplemented with vitamin K and hemin (Remel). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 Number Bacterial species and strain Probe number 1 B. thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29148 1, 2, 3 2 B. vulgatus ATCC 8482 4, 5, 6 3 B. fragilis ATCC 23745 7, 8, 9 4 B. distasonis ATCC 8503 10, 11, 12 5 C. clostridioforme ATCC 29084 13, 14, 15 6 C. leptum ATCC 29065 16, 17, 18 7 F. prausnitzii ATCC 27768 19, 20, 21 8 P. productus ATCC 27340 22, 23, 24 9 R. obeum ATCC 29174 25, 26, 27 10 R. bromii ATCC 27255 28, 29, 30 11 R. callidus ATCC 27760 31, 32, 33 12 R. albus ATCC 27210 34, 35, 36 13 B. longum ATCC 15707 37, 38, 39 14 B. adolescentis ATCC 15703 40, 41, 42 15 B. infantis ATCC 15697 43, 44, 45 16 E. biforme ATCC 27806 46, 47, 48 17 E. aerofaciens ATCC 25986 49, 50, 51 18 L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 52, 53, 54 19 E. coli ATCC 25922 55, 56, 57 20 E. faecium ATCC 19434 58, 59, 60 21 B. uniformis ATCC 8492 61, 62, 63 22 B. ovatus ATCC 8483 64, 65, 66 23 B. caccae ATCC 43185 67, 68, 69 24 C. perfringens ATCC 13124 70, 71, 72 25 C. butyricum ATCC 19398 73, 74, 75 26 C. ramosum ATCC 25582 76, 77, 78 27 C. difficile ATCC 9689 79, 80, 81 28 C. indolis ATCC 25771 82, 83, 84 29 F. russii ATCC 25533 85, 86, 87 30 F. nucleatum ATCC 25586 88, 89, 90 31 B. catenulatum ATCC 27539 91, 92, 93 32 B. angulatum ATCC 27535 94, 95, 96 33 E. rectale ATCC 33656 97, 98, 99 34 E. eligens ATCC 27750 100, 101, 102 35 E. limosum ATCC 8486 103, 104, 105 36 E. lentum ATCC 25553 106, 107, 108 37 L. fermentum ATCC 9338 109, 110, 111 38 E. faecalis ATCC 27274 112, 113, 114 39 P. magnus ATCC 14955 115, 116, 117 40 R. gnavus ATCC 291492 118, 119, 120 Open in a separate window Bacteria and the probe numbers in the microarray

Techniques: Microarray